|
President
& Party Affiliation |
Born & Died
Year & Location
|
Yrs
served as President |
Notable facts about
President's Life
|
Notable facts about
Presidency |
| 1 |
George
Washington
Federalist Party
|
Born: Feb 22,
1732
Westmoreland County, Va.
Died: Dec. 14, 1799
Mount Vernon, Va.
|
1789-1793
1793-1797
|
Served in
French and Indian War & served as Commander of Continental Army
during American Revolution. Was president of the Constitutional
Convention. |
Was President
when the 1st ten amendments (Bill of Rights) were ratified |
| 2 |
John Adams
Federalist Party |
Born:
Oct 19, 1735
Braintree, Mass.
Died: July 4, 1826
Quincy, Mass.
(Same
Day as Jefferson) |
1797-1801 |
Lawyer who
defended British soldiers on trial for Boston Massacre
& cousin of Samuel Adams-Revolutionary |
Was President
during Fries Rebellion (A rebellion against taxes on property &
slaves) |
| 3 |
Thomas
Jefferson
Republican Party |
Born:
Apr 13, 1743
Goochland Cnty Va.
Died: July 4, 1826
Monticello, Va.
(Same
Day as J. Adams) |
1801-1805
1805-1809 |
Helped draft
Virginia Constitution, Drafted the Declaration of
Independence& Was first Secretary of State |
Was President
during the Louisiana Purchase & Was first President inaugurated in
Wash. D.C. |
| 4 |
James Madison
Republican Party |
Born:
Mar 16, 1751
Port Conway, Va.
Died: June 28, 1836
Orange Cnty, Va. |
1809-1813
1813-1817 |
Often
referred to as the
Father of the Constitution,
Secretary of State under Jefferson |
Was President
during War of 1812 (The white house and Capital were burned) |
| 5 |
James Monroe
Republican Party |
Born:
Apr 28, 1758
Westmoreland County,
Va.
Died: July 4, 1831
New York, N.Y. |
1817-1821
1821-1825 |
Was a major
in the Continental Army during Revolutionary War, negotiated
Louisiana Purchase |
Was President
during the Missouri Compromise
& the purchase of Florida from Spain |
| 6 |
John Quincy
Adams
Republican Party |
Born:
July 11, 1767
Braintree, Mass.
Died: Feb 23, 1848
Wash. D.C. |
1825-1829 |
Son of John
Adams, outspoken opponent of slavery, & negotiated the treaty that
ended the War of 1812 |
Very
unpopular President but
served in congress for 18 years after presidency |
| 7 |
Andrew
Jackson
Democratic-Republican
Party
(later called the Democratic Party) |
Born:
Mar 15, 1767
Waxhaw, S.C.
Died: June 8, 1845
Near Nashville, Tenn. |
1829-1833
1833-1837 |
Assembled a
force of 6,000 men to fight the British in War of 1812, Commanded the
Battle of New Orleans Jan 8, 1815, Defeating the British forces |
Threatened
war to force France to pay debts owed to U.S. But Britain negotiated a
new payment schedule |
| 8 |
Martin Van
Buren
Democratic Party
|
Born:
Dec 5, 1782
Kinderhook, N.Y.
Died: July 24, 1862
Kinderhook, N.Y. |
1837-1841
|
Former
Attorney General of N.Y., appointed to U.S Senate in 1841, Governor of
New York & Vice-President during Andrew Jackson's 2nd administration |
Opposed
statehood for Texas, Was so bitter over loss of 1840 election, he
declined to attend Harrison's Inauguration |
| 9 |
William Henry
Harrison
Whig Party
First Whig Party Member
elected to Presidency |
Born: Feb 9,
1773
Charles City County, Va.
Died in Office
Died: Apr 4, 1841
Wash. D.C. |
1841
Only 1 Month |
Was Governor
of Indiana Territory, rose to rank of Major General during War of 1812
and served in the House as well as the Senate |
Gave longest
Inaugural Address in history (2 hours) But served the shortest term (1
Month), First President to die in office |
| 10 |
John Tyler
Whig Party
One year after becoming
President he became a President without a party |
Born:
Mar 29, 1790
Charles City County, Va.
Died: Jan 18, 1862
Richmond, Va. |
1841-1845 |
Served in the
House and Senate,
Was vice-President under William Henry Harrison-when Harrison died,
Tyler succeeded him & opponents called him "His Accidency" |
Opposed plan
to create the Third Bank of the United States, which made him very
unpopular with his own party & most of his cabinet resigned. |
| 11 |
James Knox
Polk
Democratic Party |
Born:
Nov 2, 1795
Mecklenburg County, N.C.
Died: June 15, 1849
Nashville, Tenn. |
1845-1849 |
Former
Chairman of the House Ways and Means Committee, Speaker of the House,
Governor of Tennessee, |
Was President
during Mexican-American War and was a firm believer in Manifest Destiny |
| 12 |
Zachary
Taylor
Whig Party |
Born: Nov 24,
1784
Orange County, Va.
Died: July 9, 1850
Wash. D.C.
Died in Office |
1849-1850
2nd shortest Presidency |
Served in
Army and won Military honors for Defending Fort Harrison during War of
1812 and Won important battles in Mexican-American War as well |
Proposed a
compromise where voters of new states would decide if they were to be a
free state or a slave state |
| 13 |
Millard
Fillmore
Whig Party |
Born:
Jan 7, 1800
Locke, New York
Died: Mar 8, 1874
Buffalo, New York |
1850-1853 |
Former
Chairman of the House Ways and Means Committee, New York's Comptroller
& Vice-President under Zachary Taylor |
Approved the
divisive Compromise of 1850 Which was a reflection of his moderate
position on slavery |
| 14 |
Franklin
Pierce
Democratic Party |
Born:
Nov 23, 1804
Hillsborough County, N.H.
Died: Oct 8, 1869
Concorde, N.H. |
1853-1857 |
Served in
U.S. Senate, Served in the Army During the Mexican-American War and,
although a "Poor soldier", was a very successful lawyer |
Was President
during the Gadsden Purchase, where the U.S. bought 45,000 sq. miles of
land from Mexico for 10 million dollars |
| 15 |
James
Buchanan
Democratic Party |
Born:
Apr 23, 1791
Mercersburg, Pa.
Died: June 1, 1868
Lancaster, Pa. |
1857-1861 |
Born in a log
cabin, studied law & became a prosecutor, Served in the House of
Representatives, was Minister to Russia, Served in U.S. Senate and was
also Minister to Britain |
Was
President during the Dred Scott case, Dred
Scott was a slave who was brought to a free state by his owner, he sued
for his freedom but the supreme Court ruled that he had no
constitutional rights because he wasn't considered a citizen |
| 16 |
Abraham
Lincoln
Republican Party
Began his political career
as a member of the Whig Party |
Born: Feb 12,
1809
Hardin County, Ky.
Died: Apr 15, 1865
Died in Office
Assassinated
by John Wilkes Booth. Others were involved in conspiracy, among them was
Mary Surratt, the first woman ever hanged by U.S. Justice system |
1861-1865
1865 |
Born in a log
cabin, too poor to attend school but was well-read and taught himself
law, practiced law, joined Illinois State Militia & fought in the
Black Hawk Indian War & also served in the House of Representatives |
President
during American Civil War, issued order requiring the military to accept
blacks, issued the Emancipation Proclamation Sept 22, 1862, Gave
Gettysburg Address Nov 19, 1863 |
| 17 |
Andrew
Johnson
Democratic Party |
Born:
Dec 29, 1808
Raleigh, N.C.
Died: July 31, 1875
Carter County, Tenn. |
1865-1869 |
Served in
House of Representatives, was Governor of Tennessee, was Vice-President
under Lincoln & became President upon Lincoln's death
Was also an intended victim
of the conspirators that plotted to kill Lincoln |
Was President
during the reconstruction of the south, pardoned many confederate
leaders, was in office when U.S. purchased Alaska from Russia for $7.2
million dollars |
| 18 |
Ulysses
Simpson Grant
Republican Party
Started out as a Democrat |
Born:
Apr 27, 1822
Point Pleasant, Ohio
Died: July 23, 1885
Mount McGregor, New York |
1869-1873
1873-1877 |
Was Commander
of the Union Army during Civil War, first soldier in U.S. Army to
achieve rank of General since George Washington |
Supported the
Ku Klux Klan Act in 1871 & Dispatched Federal troops to the south to
protect blacks from violence |
| 19 |
Rutherford B.
Hayes
Republican Party
Started out as a
Whig |
Born:
Oct 4, 1822
Delaware, Ohio
Died: Jan 17, 1893
Fremont, Ohio |
1877-1881 |
Became Major
General During Civil War, served in House of Representatives and was
governor of Ohio |
Ended Federal
occupation of the South, inherited depression from Grant administration |
| 20 |
James Abram
Garfield
Republican Party |
Born: Nov 19,
1831
Orange, Ohio
Last President born in a
log cabin
Died: Sept 19, 1881
Elberon, N.J.
Died in Office |
1881 |
Rose to rank
of Brigadier General during Civil War, was Chairman of the House
Committee on Military Affairs & was elected to the Senate |
Was shot only
4 months after taking office and died just over two months after being
shot, was shot by Charles J. Guiteau-a New York Lawyer |
| 21 |
Chester Allen
Arthur
Republican Party |
Born:
Oct 5, 1830
Fairfield, Vermont
Died: Nov 18, 1886
New York, N.Y. |
1881-1885 |
Son of a
Baptist Minister, studied law in a private law firm and joined the bar
in N.Y., became favorite of N.Y. Senator Roscoe Conkling, a highly
influential member of the N.Y. Republican political machine |
Upgraded U.S.
Navy ships, Established U.S. Civil Service commission which set Federal
employment rules, signed a bill that banned Chinese immigration for 10
years |
| 22 |
Grover
Cleveland
Democratic Party |
Born:
Mar 18, 1837
Caldwell, N.J.
Died: June 24, 1908
Princeton, N.J. |
1885-1889 |
As a sheriff,
he personally hanged criminals, was Mayor of Buffalo, N.Y. and served as
governor of New York |
Signed
Interstate Commerce Act, thereby creating the Interstate Commerce
Commission (ICC) which was the first U.S. regulatory agency |
| 23 |
Benjamin
Harrison
Republican Party |
Born:
Aug 20, 1833
North Bend, Ohio
Died: Mar 13, 1901
Indianapolis, Indiana |
1889-1893 |
Rose to rank
of Brigadier General during Civil War, Defended veterans' causes as U.S.
Senator |
Signed the
Sherman Antitrust Act-which allowed the Federal government to sue
companies that attempt to monopolize an industry |
| 24 |
Grover
Cleveland
Democratic Party |
Same
as listed above |
1893-1897 |
Only U.S.
President to serve two terms that weren't Consecutive |
Favored the
gold standard for money which tied the value of the U.S. dollar to gold,
the country fell into a depression during his second term |
| 25 |
William
McKinley
Republican Party |
Born:
Jan 29, 1843
Niles, Ohio
Died: Sept 14, 1901
Buffalo, N.Y.
Died in Office
Assassinated by Polish
immigrant, Leon Czolgosz an anarchist. Was carried to home of Buffalo
lawyer John Milburn, where he died. |
1897-1901
1901 |
Taught
school, worked as Postal Clerk, Was a Major in the Civil War, served in
the House and was Chairman of the House Ways and Means Committee &
was Governor of Ohio |
Was
President during the Spanish-American War,
Was
reluctant to go to war with Spain but after the sinking of the U.S.S.
Maine, he demanded that Spain compensate the U.S. and when the Spanish
refused, war was declared. |
| 26 |
Theodore
Roosevelt
Republican Party |
Born:
Oct 27, 1858
New York, N.Y.
Died: Jan 6, 1919
Oyster Bay, N.Y. |
1901-1905
1905-1909 |
Assistant
Secretary of U.S. Navy, When
Spanish warships sunk the U.S.S. Maine, he retaliated by ordering an
attack on the Spanish fleet in the Philippines without the authorization
of the Secretary of the Navy, once war broke out, he resigned from the
Navy Dept. and organized his own military unit called the Roughriders
and led a small group of Roughriders in the charge up San Juan Hill in
Cuba. Was promoted to rank of Colonel as a result. |
Intervened
in the United Mine Workers Strike (before Roosevelt, no president became
involved in labor negotiations), in 1903 he signed an Immigration act
that allowed immigrants to be deported for associating with political
radicals (this was brought about because of the assassination of
McKinley by an anarchist Polish immigrant) |
| 27 |
William
Howard Taft
Republican Party |
Born:
Sept 15, 1857
Cincinnati, Ohio
Died: Mar 8, 1930
Wash. D.C. |
1909-1913 |
Was
U.S. Solicitor General, became a Federal Judge, was Dean of the
University of Cincinnati Law School, Was commissioner of the
Philippines, Secretary of War under Roosevelt, |
Was
a conservationist and built broad support in congress for natural
resource conservation & divided commerce and labor into separate
departments |
| 28 |
Woodrow
Wilson
Democratic Party |
Born:
Dec 28, 1856
Staunton, Va.
Died: Feb 3, 1924
Wash. D.C. |
1913-1917
1917-1921 |
Taught
political science, history & constitutional law at various colleges,
Was President of Princeton University, Governor of New Jersey, |
Prohibition
began during his presidency, signed first federal income tax bill,
Signed Federal Reserve Act of 1913, President
during World War I |
| 29 |
Warren
G. Harding
Republican Party |
Born:
Nov 2, 1865
Corsica, Ohio
Died: Aug 2, 1923
San Francisco, Ca.
Died in Office |
1921-1923 |
Was
successful newspaper publisher, Lieutenant Governor of Ohio, as a U.S.
Senator, he missed nearly two-thirds of his roll-call votes, was
absent when Senate approved 19th amendment which gave women the right to
vote |
His
administration was plagued by scandal, misconduct was widespread in his
administration & most historians rate him as the worst president in
U.S. History |
| 30 |
Calvin
Coolidge
Republican Party |
Born:
July 4, 1872
Plymouth Vermont
Died: Jan 5, 1933
Northampton Mass. |
1923-1925
1925-1929 |
President
of Massachusetts State Senate, Mass. Lieutenant Governor, Governor of
Mass., Vice President under Harding |
Signed
bill in 1921 restricting immigration, Believed strongly in
"Trickle-Down Economics", signed 2 tax bills that
reduced taxes on personal, inherited and corporate income |
| 31 |
Herbert
Clark Hoover
Republican Party |
Born:
Aug 11, 1874
West Branch, Iowa
Died: Oct 20, 1964
Palo Alto, Ca. |
1929-1933 |
Started
engineering company and eventually became a millionaire, Chaired several
relief commissions and became an expert on distributing food in war-
torn countries during
World War I |
Was
President for seven months when the Stock Market Crash of 1929 occurred,
the Great Depression then began shortly after, opposed direct federal
aid to the poor |
| 32 |
Franklin
D. Roosevelt
Democratic Party |
Born:
Jan 30, 1882
Hyde Park, N.Y.
Died: Apr 12, 1945
Warm Springs, Ga.
Died in Office |
1933-1937
1937-1941
1941-1945
Served
more terms than any other U.S. President |
Was
Assistant Secretary of U.S. Navy, was nominated for vice president by
Democratic Party in 1920 but Democrats lost, was stricken with polio in
1921 |
Approved
creation of FDIC, was President when states ratified the 21st amendment
repealing prohibition, President during most of World War II |
| 33 |
Harry S.
Truman
Democratic Party |
Born:
May 8, 1884
Lama, Missouri
Died: Dec 26, 1972
Kansas City, Missouri |
1945-1949
1949-1953 |
Served
in U.S. Army & reached rank of Major, Became County Judge in Jackson
County Missouri, Served in U.S. Senate, Vice President under
Roosevelt |
President
during end of World War II and dropping of atomic bombs, supported
founding of U.N., approved Marshall Plan to rebuild Europe, Sponsored
NATO, Korean Conflict began |
| 34 |
Dwight D.
Eisenhower
Republican Party |
Born:
Oct 14, 1890
Denison Texas
Died: Mar 28, 1969
Wash. D.C. |
1953-1957
1957-1961 |
Graduated
from West Point, served in the U.S. Army in World War I, Commanded U.S.
troops in Europe and North Africa during World War II, led D-Day
invasion of Normandy, was promoted to the rank of General, was Chief of
Staff of U.S. Army and was later appointed Supreme Commander of NATO by
President Harry Truman |
Peace
negotiations to end Korean Conflict carried over from Truman's
presidency, in 1951-Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were executed for passing
atomic secrets on to the Soviets, Eisenhower denied 2 appeals for mercy,
McCarthy's Hearings took place, used Federal troops to enforce
desegregation |
| 35 |
John
F. Kennedy
Democratic Party |
Born:
May 29, 1917
Brookline Mass.
Died: Nov 22, 1963
Assassinated by Lee Harvey
Oswald in Dallas, Texas. Many believed there to be a conspiracy.
|
1961-1963 |
During
world War II he served in U.S. Navy, was Skipper of a Navy patrol boat
(PT-109) which was hit by a Japanese destroyer, he won the Purple Heart
for rescuing his crew, Served in the House of Representatives & the
U.S. Senate |
Was
President during "Bay of Pigs" & Cuban Missile Crisis,
created the Peace Corps, supported additional funding for NASA and
wanted to put a man on the moon before the end of the decade |
| 36 |
Lyndon
B. Johnson
Democratic Party |
Born:
Aug 27, 1908
Near Stonewall, Texas
Died: Jan 22, 1973
Near San Antonio, Texas |
1963-1965
1965-1969 |
Served
in U.S. Navy during World War II, Served in the House of Representatives
& U.S. Senate, Rose to become most powerful Majority leader in U.S.
History & was Vice President until Kennedy's Death |
Declared
war on poverty, in 1964 he signed the most sweeping civil rights bill
since Reconstruction, escalated U.S. involvement in Vietnam to war
status |
| 37 |
Richard
M. Nixon
Republican Party |
Born: 1913
in Yorba Linda, California
Died: April 22, 1994
Saddle Creek, N.J. |
1969-1973
1973-1974
Only President to have
resigned from office. |
Served in U.S. Navy and left the
service as lieutenant commander in 1946.
Served in the U.S. House and Senate. Was
Vice President under Eisenhower for two terms.
Lost 1960 election to J.F.K. by only 112,803 votes. |
Improved relations with China. Resigned
from office due to Watergate Scandal. Was later pardoned by President
Ford |
| 38 |
Gerald
R. Ford
Republican Party |
Born:
1913
Ford was born as Leslie Lynch
King, Jr., in Omaha, Nebraska.
Died: N/A |
1973-1977
Only American President to
not have been elected either Vice President or President. |
Ford
represented his Michigan district in Congress for 25 years. Became House
minority leader and replaced Spiro Agnew as Richard Nixon’s vice-president
after Agnew resigned. Ford then became president once Nixon resigned due
to the Watergate scandal. |
Ford's pardon of Richard
Nixon played a large role in his losing the 1976 election. Ford also had
the misfortune of inheriting the weakest U.S. economy of the post-WW II
period. |
| 39 |
Jimmy
Carter
Democratic Party |
Born:
1924 in Plains, Georgia
Died: N/A |
1977-1981 |
Served in U.S. navy and was assigned to a nuclear sub.
Carter's first elective office was a seat on the local school board in
1960. Two years later he moved up to the state senate.
In the mid-1960s, the Carter family and one other person were the only
members of the Plains Baptist Church to vote to admit blacks to the
churches' congregation. The first time he ran for Governor of Georgia he
was defeated but ran again 4 years later and won. |
Was
President during Iran Hostage Crisis &
Negotiated Mid-East Peace plan with Israel & Egypt. Unemployment
rose to 8%, interest rates to 22% and inflation to 12%. Carter formally
recognized the government of Communist China and severed diplomatic ties
with Taiwan. |
| 40 |
Ronald
W. Reagan
Republican Party
On March 30, 1981, John W.
Hinckley shot Reagan in the chest during an assassination attempt, missing
Reagan's heart by only 1 inch. |
Born:
Feb 1911
Tampico, Illinois
Died: June 5 2004 |
1981-1985
1985-1989
In the 1984 election, Reagan received
59 percent of the popular vote
and carried 49 states. |
Former
actor and elected President of the Screen Actor's Guild 6 times. Governor of California. Was referred to as "The Great
Communicator. "
Was oldest elected president and left office at the age of 77. Lived longer than any other American
President and died at the age of 93. |
Was
President during Grenada Invasion, attack on Marine Barracks in Lebanon, and Bombing of Tripoli.
Dramatic Increase in Defense spending and tax cuts stimulated economy but
produced deficits. However, by accelerating the arms race with the Soviet
Union, he expedited the social and economic downfall of the Soviet Bloc. |
| 41 |
George
Bush
Republican Party |
Born:
1924
Milton, Massachusetts
Died: N/A |
1989-1993 |
World
War II Fighter Pilot, Went into the oil business and served in the U.S.
House of Representatives. Was U.S. ambassador to the United Nations
chairman of the Republican National Committee, Director of CIA,
& Vice President under Reagan |
Was
President during Panama Invasion & Gulf War. Berlin wall came down
during his presidency. Lost 1992 election primarily because of economic
recession and Americans' concerns over large budget deficits. |
| 42 |
Bill
Clinton
Democratic Party |
Born:
August 19, 1946 in Hope, Arkansas.
His given name was William Jefferson Blythe IV
Died: N/A |
1993-1997
1997-2001 |
Attorney general of Arkansas,
Governor of Arkansas (was one of America's youngest governors at 32) |
Was
President During NAFTA Signing. Welfare reform measures were passed
during his term. Implemented the "Don't ask, don't tell" policy in the
military. Sent American troops to Somalia and Bosnia. Budget deficits were
sharply reduced during his two terms in office. |
| 43 |
George
W. Bush
Republican Party |
Born:
July 6, 1946, in New Haven, Connecticut
Died: N/A |
2001-Present |
Son
of George Bush and former Governor of Texas |
Was
President During Sept 11 Attacks, war in Afghanistan and Liberation of
Iraq. |
